Edmonton

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Indigenous Languages

Insights into Indigenous languages spoken by local First Nations, MΓ©tis, and Inuit communities.

Sections

1. Indigenous Languages Spoken in Edmonton

Edmonton is a hub for Indigenous communities, and several Indigenous languages are spoken in the region. Some of the most prominent languages include:

  • Cree (NΓͺhiyawΓͺwin): One of the most widely spoken Indigenous languages in Canada, Cree has several dialects, including Plains Cree, which is common in Alberta.
  • Michif: The language of the MΓ©tis people, Michif is a unique blend of Cree and French, reflecting the MΓ©tis' mixed heritage.
  • Dene (DΓ«nesΕ³Ε‚inΓ©): Spoken by the Dene people, this language is part of the Athabaskan language family.
  • Nakota Sioux (Stoney): Spoken by the Nakota Sioux people, this language is part of the Siouan language family.
  • Inuktitut: Spoken by Inuit communities, though less common in Edmonton, it is still present due to the city's diverse Indigenous population.
  • Saulteaux (Anishinaabemowin): A dialect of Ojibwe, spoken by some Indigenous people in the region.

These languages are not only a means of communication but also carry the history, traditions, and worldview of the Indigenous peoples who speak them.

2. Importance of Indigenous Languages

Indigenous languages are vital to the cultural identity and heritage of Indigenous peoples. They are deeply tied to traditional knowledge, spirituality, and the land. However, many Indigenous languages in Canada are endangered due to the historical impacts of colonization, including residential schools, which sought to suppress Indigenous languages and cultures.

Revitalizing these languages is a key part of reconciliation efforts in Canada. Learning and supporting Indigenous languages helps preserve cultural diversity, fosters understanding and respect, and strengthens Indigenous communities.

3. Local Initiatives and Programs Supporting Indigenous Languages

Edmonton has several initiatives and organizations dedicated to preserving and promoting Indigenous languages:

a. University of Alberta

  • The Faculty of Native Studies offers courses in Indigenous languages, including Cree and Michif. These courses are open to students and sometimes to the public through continuing education programs.
  • The Canadian Indigenous Languages and Literacy Development Institute (CILLDI) is hosted at the University of Alberta. CILLDI provides summer programs and workshops for Indigenous language learners, teachers, and advocates. It focuses on language revitalization and literacy development.

b. Indigenous Language Resource Centre

  • The Edmonton Public Library (EPL) has resources for learning Indigenous languages, including books, audio materials, and online tools. Some branches also host cultural programming and events related to Indigenous languages.

c. Cultural and Friendship Centres

  • The Bent Arrow Traditional Healing Society and the Edmonton Native Friendship Centre offer programs and workshops that incorporate Indigenous languages and cultural teachings.
  • The Rupertsland Institute supports MΓ©tis education and may have resources for learning Michif.

d. Local Schools and Community Programs

  • Some Edmonton public and Catholic schools offer Cree language classes as part of their curriculum, particularly in areas with high Indigenous populations.
  • Community organizations often host language classes, workshops, and cultural events. For example, the Indigenous Knowledge and Wisdom Centre (IKWC) supports language revitalization efforts in Alberta.

e. Government and Non-Profit Support

  • The Government of Alberta and the Government of Canada provide funding for Indigenous language revitalization projects. These funds support community-based programs, language camps, and the development of learning materials.

4. Costs and Accessibility of Learning Indigenous Languages

  • Free or Low-Cost Options: Many community organizations and public institutions offer free or low-cost language classes, workshops, and events. For example, the Edmonton Public Library often provides free access to language resources.
  • University Courses: Courses at the University of Alberta may have tuition fees, but scholarships and bursaries are often available for Indigenous students or those studying Indigenous languages.
  • Online Resources: There are free online tools and apps for learning Indigenous languages, such as the itwewina Cree Dictionary and the Michif Language App.
  • Language Camps: Some organizations host immersive language camps, which may have a fee but are often subsidized or funded by grants.

5. Key Local Sites and Organizations

To learn more about Indigenous languages and culture in Edmonton, consider visiting or connecting with the following:

a. Amiskwaciy Academy

  • A high school in Edmonton that incorporates Indigenous culture and language into its curriculum. It is a great place to learn about Cree and other Indigenous traditions.

b. Edmonton Public Library (EPL)

  • EPL branches often host Indigenous cultural events and have resources for learning Indigenous languages.

c. Indigenous Knowledge and Wisdom Centre (IKWC)

  • Based in Edmonton, the IKWC supports Indigenous education and language revitalization across Alberta.

d. MΓ©tis Nation of Alberta

  • The MΓ©tis Nation of Alberta, headquartered in Edmonton, offers resources and programs for learning Michif and MΓ©tis culture.

e. Fort Edmonton Park

  • This historical park includes the Indigenous Peoples Experience, an immersive exhibit that highlights Indigenous languages, stories, and traditions.

f. Local Friendship Centres

  • Friendship centres like the Edmonton Native Friendship Centre are excellent places to connect with Indigenous communities and learn about language programs.

6. Cultural and Practical Considerations

When engaging with Indigenous languages and cultures, it is important to approach with respect and humility. Here are some key considerations:

  • Cultural Sensitivity: Indigenous languages are deeply tied to cultural identity and spirituality. Be mindful of the cultural significance of the language and the teachings you receive.
  • Elders and Knowledge Keepers: Many language programs involve Elders and Knowledge Keepers who share their wisdom. Show respect by listening attentively, asking permission before recording or taking notes, and offering a small gift (e.g., tobacco) if appropriate.
  • Reconciliation Efforts: Learning an Indigenous language is a meaningful way to support reconciliation and show solidarity with Indigenous communities.
  • Community Involvement: Engage with the local Indigenous community to learn about their language and culture. Building relationships is key to understanding the context and significance of the language.

7. Online Resources for Indigenous Languages

If you are unable to attend in-person programs, there are several online resources to help you get started:

  • itwewina Cree Dictionary: A comprehensive online Cree dictionary.
  • Michif Language App: A mobile app for learning Michif.
  • FirstVoices: A platform that provides resources for learning various Indigenous languages in Canada.
  • Alberta Language Technology Lab (ALTLab): Based at the University of Alberta, this lab develops tools and resources for Indigenous language learning.

Conclusion

Edmonton is a vibrant city with a strong commitment to preserving and revitalizing Indigenous languages. Whether you are interested in learning Cree, Michif, or another Indigenous language, there are numerous resources, programs, and organizations to support your journey. By engaging with these languages, you contribute to the preservation of Indigenous heritage and foster a deeper connection to the land and its people.