Citizenship Acquisition in Indonesia

Legal Framework

1. Law No. 12 of 2006: This is the primary legislation governing Indonesian citizenship. It outlines the conditions for acquiring, losing, and regaining citizenship.

Types of Citizenship Acquisition

1. By Birth:

   • A child born to an Indonesian parent is automatically an Indonesian citizen, regardless of the place of birth.
   • A child born in Indonesia to foreign parents may acquire Indonesian citizenship if the parents are stateless or if the child would otherwise be stateless.

2. By Naturalization:

   • Foreigners can apply for Indonesian citizenship after residing in Indonesia for a minimum of 5 consecutive years or 10 non-consecutive years.
   • Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in the Indonesian language, knowledge of Indonesian culture, and have a stable income.

3. By Marriage:

   • Foreigners married to Indonesian citizens can apply for citizenship after 3 years of marriage and residing in Indonesia.

4. By Investment:

   • Certain investment programs may allow foreign investors to apply for citizenship under specific conditions.

Standard Procedures

1. Application Submission:

   • Submit an application to the Directorate General of Immigration or the local immigration office.
   • Required documents typically include:
     • Completed application form
     • Valid passport
     • Birth certificate
     • Marriage certificate (if applicable)
     • Proof of residence
     • Financial statements
     • Language proficiency certificate

2. Interview and Examination:

   • Applicants may be required to attend an interview and pass an examination on Indonesian language and culture.

3. Approval Process:

   • The application is reviewed by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights.
   • If approved, the applicant will receive a decree of citizenship.

4. Oath of Allegiance:

   • New citizens must take an oath of allegiance to Indonesia.

Costs

• Application Fee: Varies by region and type of application; generally ranges from IDR 1,000,000 to IDR 5,000,000 (approximately USD 70 to USD 350).
• Additional Costs: May include fees for document translation, legal assistance, and other administrative expenses.

Country-Specific Considerations

• Dual Citizenship: Indonesia does not recognize dual citizenship for adults. Naturalized citizens must renounce their previous citizenship.
• Residency Requirements: Continuous residency is crucial; absences may affect eligibility.
• Cultural Integration: Demonstrating knowledge of Indonesian culture and language is essential for naturalization.

Conclusion

Acquiring Indonesian citizenship involves a structured process governed by specific laws and regulations. Understanding the requirements and procedures is crucial for a successful application. Always consult with legal experts or immigration authorities for the most current information and personalized guidance.