Surabaya

Religious Diversity in Surabaya, Indonesia

Major Religions Practiced

1. Islam: The predominant religion, with the majority of the population identifying as Muslim.
2. Christianity: Significant communities of both Protestant and Catholic Christians.
3. Hinduism: Smaller but notable presence, primarily among the Balinese community.
4. Buddhism: Practiced mainly by the Chinese community.
5. Confucianism: Also practiced within the Chinese community, often intertwined with Buddhism.

Notable Places of Worship

1. Masjid Al-Akbar: The largest mosque in Surabaya, known for its stunning architecture and beautiful gardens.
2. Gereja Katolik Santa Perawan Maria: A prominent Catholic church with a rich history and beautiful stained glass.
3. Gereja Kristen Jawi Wetan: A historic Protestant church reflecting the local Christian community's heritage.
4. Vihara Sanggar Agung: A large Buddhist temple featuring a giant statue of Kwan Im (Goddess of Mercy).
5. Pura Jagatnatha: A Hindu temple that showcases Balinese architecture and is a center for Hindu worship.

Cultural Practices Tied to Religious Diversity

• Interfaith Harmony: Surabaya is known for its relatively peaceful coexistence among different religious groups. Community events often include representatives from various faiths.
• Cultural Celebrations: Many festivals are celebrated together, promoting understanding and respect among different religions.

Festivals and Events

• Idul Fitri: Celebrated by Muslims, marking the end of Ramadan with communal prayers and feasting.
• Christmas: Celebrated by Christians with church services and community gatherings.
• Nyepi: The Balinese Day of Silence, observed by Hindus, includes rituals and cultural performances.
• Waisak: Celebrated by Buddhists, commemorating the birth, enlightenment, and death of Buddha, often marked by ceremonies at temples.

Practical Details

• Costs for Visiting Religious Sites:
  • Most mosques and churches do not charge an entrance fee, but donations are appreciated.
  • Temples may have small entrance fees (around IDR 10,000 - 20,000).
• Etiquette and Procedures:
  • Dress Modestly: Visitors should wear respectful clothing, especially in places of worship (long pants/skirts and covered shoulders).
  • Remove Shoes: It is customary to remove shoes before entering mosques and temples.
  • Photography: Always ask for permission before taking photos, especially during religious ceremonies.
  • Quiet Behavior: Maintain a respectful demeanor, particularly in prayer areas.

Local Considerations for Visitors or Immigrants

• Language: While Bahasa Indonesia is the official language, many religious sites have staff who can communicate in English.
• Cultural Sensitivity: Be aware of local customs and practices. Engaging with local communities respectfully can enhance your experience.
• Participation: Visitors are often welcome to observe religious practices, but participation may require prior permission, especially in more traditional settings.

Exploring Surabaya's religious diversity offers a rich cultural experience, reflecting the city's commitment to harmony and respect among its varied communities.