Hiroshima

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Extreme Weather Events

Sections

1. Types of Extreme Weather Events in Hiroshima

Hiroshima experiences several types of extreme weather events, primarily due to its location in a humid subtropical climate zone and its proximity to the Seto Inland Sea. These include:

a. Typhoons (Tropical Cyclones)

  • When: Typhoon season typically runs from June to October, with the peak occurring in August and September.
  • Impact: Strong winds, heavy rainfall, flooding, and landslides. Typhoons can disrupt transportation, cause power outages, and damage infrastructure.
  • Frequency: Hiroshima is not directly hit by typhoons as often as southern Japan, but it still experiences their effects, such as heavy rain and strong winds.

b. Heavy Rainfall and Flooding

  • When: The rainy season (called "tsuyu") occurs from early June to mid-July. Additionally, typhoons can bring torrential rain.
  • Impact: Flash floods, river overflows, and landslides in mountainous areas. Hiroshima has experienced severe flooding in the past, such as the devastating floods and landslides in July 2018.
  • Vulnerable Areas: Low-lying areas near rivers and mountainous regions are particularly at risk.

c. Landslides

  • When: Often triggered by heavy rainfall during the rainy season or typhoons.
  • Impact: Landslides can block roads, damage homes, and pose significant safety risks in hilly or mountainous areas.
  • Vulnerable Areas: Hiroshimaโ€™s geography includes many hills and mountains, making landslides a recurring concern.

d. Heatwaves

  • When: Summer months, particularly July and August.
  • Impact: High temperatures and humidity can lead to heatstroke, dehydration, and other heat-related illnesses.
  • Temperature Range: Summer temperatures can exceed 35ยฐC (95ยฐF), with high humidity levels.

e. Earthquakes and Tsunamis

  • While not weather-related, itโ€™s worth noting that Hiroshima is in a seismically active country. Earthquakes can occasionally occur, and coastal areas may be at risk of tsunamis following undersea quakes.

2. Safety Measures for Locals and Visitors

a. General Preparedness

  • Stay Informed:
    • Download weather apps like the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) app or NHK World for real-time updates in English.
    • Pay attention to local weather forecasts and warnings, especially during typhoon and rainy seasons.
  • Emergency Kit: Prepare an emergency kit with essentials such as bottled water, non-perishable food, a flashlight, batteries, a first-aid kit, and important documents.
  • Know Evacuation Sites: Familiarize yourself with the nearest evacuation centers (้ฟ้›ฃๆ‰€, "hinanjo"). These are often schools or community centers and are clearly marked on local maps.

b. During Typhoons or Heavy Rain

  • Before the Event:
    • Secure loose items outdoors (e.g., patio furniture, bicycles) to prevent them from becoming projectiles.
    • Stock up on food, water, and other essentials in case of power outages or transportation disruptions.
    • Avoid traveling during typhoons, as public transportation (trains, buses, flights) may be suspended.
  • During the Event:
    • Stay indoors and away from windows.
    • Avoid rivers, coastal areas, and steep slopes, as these are prone to flooding and landslides.
    • Follow evacuation orders promptly if issued by local authorities.

c. During Heatwaves

  • Stay Cool:
    • Wear light, breathable clothing and use sunscreen.
    • Stay indoors during peak heat hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.) and use air conditioning or fans.
  • Hydration: Drink plenty of water and avoid alcohol or caffeine, which can dehydrate you.
  • Public Cooling Centers: Some public facilities, such as libraries or community centers, may serve as cooling centers during extreme heat.

d. Earthquakes and Tsunamis

  • Earthquake Safety:
    • If indoors, take cover under a sturdy table or desk and stay away from windows.
    • If outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
  • Tsunami Safety:
    • If you feel a strong earthquake near the coast, move to higher ground immediately, even if no official warning has been issued.

3. Associated Costs

  • Emergency Supplies: Basic emergency kits can cost around ยฅ5,000โ€“ยฅ10,000 ($35โ€“$70 USD). Pre-made kits are available at stores or online.
  • Transportation Disruptions: If public transportation is suspended, you may need to arrange alternative accommodations or transportation, which could increase costs.
  • Medical Costs: Visitors should have travel insurance to cover medical expenses in case of heatstroke or injuries during extreme weather events.

4. Emergency Procedures to Follow

a. Emergency Alerts

  • Japan has an efficient emergency alert system that sends warnings to mobile phones. These alerts are in Japanese, but some apps (like NHK World) provide English translations.
  • Warning levels:
    • Level 3: Prepare to evacuate (especially for elderly or vulnerable individuals).
    • Level 4: Evacuate immediately.
    • Level 5: Extreme danger; take immediate action to protect your life.

b. Evacuation

  • Follow instructions from local authorities and head to the nearest evacuation center if advised.
  • Bring your emergency kit and any necessary medications.
  • Evacuation centers provide basic shelter and supplies, but they may be crowded during major events.

c. Emergency Contacts

  • Police: 110
  • Fire/Ambulance: 119
  • Tourist Hotline: 050-3816-2787 (available in English, Chinese, Korean, and Japanese)
  • Hiroshima City Disaster Prevention Website: Check for updates and resources in multiple languages.

5. Local Infrastructure and Services

a. Flood and Landslide Prevention

  • Hiroshima has invested in flood control infrastructure, such as levees and drainage systems, but extreme rainfall can still overwhelm these systems.
  • Landslide-prone areas are monitored, and warning systems are in place.

b. Public Transportation

  • Trains and buses may be suspended during typhoons or heavy rain. Check with JR West or local bus operators for updates.
  • Hiroshimaโ€™s streetcar system (Hiroden) may also be affected.

c. Accommodations

  • Many hotels in Hiroshima are well-prepared for emergencies and can provide guidance to guests. Ask your hotel staff for advice if youโ€™re unsure about safety procedures.

d. Language Barriers

  • While many emergency signs and announcements are in Japanese, Hiroshima is a popular tourist destination, so some resources are available in English. Carry a translation app or phrasebook to help communicate if needed.

6. Practical Tips for Visitors

  • Travel Insurance: Ensure your travel insurance covers natural disasters and related disruptions.
  • Stay Connected: Keep your phone charged and carry a portable power bank.
  • Local Maps: Obtain a physical map of Hiroshima with evacuation sites marked, as GPS may not work during power outages.
  • Cultural Considerations: Japanese people are highly organized during emergencies. Follow their lead, remain calm, and cooperate with authorities.

By staying informed and prepared, you can safely enjoy your time in Hiroshima while minimizing risks from extreme weather events. Let me know if you need further assistance or specific recommendations!