Sapporo
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Healthcare
Overview of healthcare access, public services, and insurance options in Sapporo.
Sections
1. Health Insurance Options in Sapporo
Japan operates a universal healthcare system, and Sapporo is no exception. The system is primarily divided into two types of health insurance:
a. National Health Insurance (NHI)
- Eligibility: This is available to all residents of Japan, including foreigners who have a residence card and plan to stay in Japan for more than three months.
- Coverage: NHI covers 70% of medical costs, leaving the patient responsible for 30%. This includes doctor visits, hospital stays, prescription medications, and some dental care.
- Enrollment: You must register for NHI at your local ward office (ๅบๅฝนๆ, kuyakusho) in Sapporo within 14 days of moving to the city. Bring your residence card, passport, and proof of address.
- Premiums: Premiums are calculated based on your income and household size. For low-income earners, subsidies may be available.
b. Employee Health Insurance (EHI)
- Eligibility: If you are employed full-time by a Japanese company, you will likely be enrolled in EHI through your employer.
- Coverage: Similar to NHI, EHI covers 70% of medical costs. Additionally, EHI often includes extra benefits such as maternity leave support, annual health check-ups, and coverage for dependents.
- Premiums: Premiums are deducted directly from your salary and are shared between you and your employer.
For Visitors:
- Visitors are not eligible for NHI or EHI. It is highly recommended to purchase travel insurance before arriving in Japan to cover any medical expenses.
2. Medical Costs Covered
The Japanese healthcare system is comprehensive, and the following services are typically covered under NHI and EHI:
- Doctor Visits: General practitioners and specialists.
- Hospitalization: Including surgeries and inpatient care.
- Prescription Medications: Most medications prescribed by doctors are covered.
- Preventive Care: Vaccinations, health screenings, and annual check-ups (especially for those on EHI).
- Maternity Care: Prenatal check-ups and childbirth are partially covered, with additional subsidies available for childbirth.
- Dental Care: Basic dental procedures such as fillings and extractions are covered, but cosmetic dentistry is not.
- Mental Health Services: Psychiatric consultations and treatments are covered, though access may require referrals.
3. Access to Hospitals and Clinics in Sapporo
Sapporo has a wide range of medical facilities, from large hospitals to small neighborhood clinics. Hereโs how to navigate them:
a. Hospitals
- Major Hospitals: Sapporo has several large hospitals, such as Hokkaido University Hospital and Sapporo Medical University Hospital, which offer advanced care and specialized treatments.
- Emergency Care: Emergency services are available 24/7 at designated hospitals. Dial 119 for an ambulance (free of charge).
- Language Support: Some hospitals have English-speaking staff or offer interpretation services. Itโs advisable to check in advance or bring a Japanese-speaking friend.
b. Clinics
- Neighborhood Clinics: These are ideal for non-emergency care, such as colds, minor injuries, or chronic conditions. Many clinics specialize in specific fields like pediatrics, dermatology, or internal medicine.
- Appointments: While walk-ins are accepted at some clinics, itโs better to call ahead and make an appointment.
- Operating Hours: Clinics typically operate from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM, with a lunch break around noon. Many are closed on Sundays and public holidays.
c. Pharmacies (่ฌๅฑ, yakkyoku)
- Prescriptions are filled at pharmacies, which are often located near clinics. Over-the-counter medications are also available, but they may differ from what youโre used to in your home country.
4. Specific Benefits for Residents and Foreigners
a. Residents
- Child Healthcare Subsidies: Sapporo offers subsidies for childrenโs medical expenses, reducing or eliminating out-of-pocket costs for families.
- Elderly Care: Residents aged 75 and older are eligible for additional healthcare benefits under the Long-Life Medical Care System.
- Maternity and Childbirth Support: Pregnant women receive a boshi techo (Mother and Child Health Handbook) upon registering their pregnancy, which provides access to subsidized prenatal care and childbirth allowances.
b. Foreigners
- Language Assistance: The Sapporo International Communication Plaza offers multilingual support and can help you find English-speaking doctors.
- Health Check-ups: Foreign residents are eligible for annual health check-ups under NHI or EHI.
- Vaccinations: Foreign residents can access routine vaccinations for children and adults through the public health system.
5. Cultural Considerations and Procedures
Understanding Japanese cultural norms and procedures can make your healthcare experience in Sapporo smoother:
- Politeness: Japanese healthcare providers are known for their professionalism and politeness. Patients are expected to reciprocate with respectful behavior.
- Shoes: In some clinics or hospital areas, you may be required to remove your shoes and wear indoor slippers.
- Health Insurance Card: Always carry your health insurance card (hokensho) and present it at the reception desk during your visit.
- Payment: After your appointment, you will pay the 30% co-pay at the cashier. Most facilities accept cash, and some accept credit cards.
- Referrals: For specialized care, you may need a referral from a general practitioner. This is common practice in Japan.
- Language Barriers: While larger hospitals may have English-speaking staff, smaller clinics may not. Consider using translation apps or bringing a Japanese-speaking friend.
6. Emergency and After-Hours Care
- Emergency Number: Dial 119 for medical emergencies. Ambulances are free, but you will be responsible for hospital costs.
- After-Hours Clinics: Sapporo has after-hours clinics for non-life-threatening emergencies. Check the Sapporo City website or call the Sapporo International Communication Plaza for guidance.
7. Tips for Visitors and Immigrants
- Plan Ahead: Research nearby clinics and hospitals before you need them.
- Carry Identification: Always have your residence card or passport with you when seeking medical care.
- Learn Basic Japanese Phrases: Knowing phrases like โIโm sickโ (byouki desu) or โI need a doctorโ (isha ga hitsuyou desu) can be helpful.
- Stay Insured: Ensure you have valid health insurance, whether itโs NHI, EHI, or travel insurance.
Conclusion
Sapporoโs healthcare system is highly accessible, efficient, and affordable, thanks to Japanโs universal health coverage. By enrolling in the appropriate health insurance program, understanding the services available, and familiarizing yourself with cultural norms, you can confidently navigate the healthcare system in Sapporo. Whether youโre a resident or a visitor, the cityโs medical facilities are well-equipped to meet your needs.