Sendai

⛩️

Religious and Spiritual Practices

An overview of Buddhist temples, Shinto shrines, and other places of worship significant to local culture.

Sections

1. Overview of Religious and Spiritual Practices in Sendai

In Sendai, as in much of Japan, the two dominant religious traditions are Shinto and Buddhism, often practiced in harmony. Shinto, the indigenous religion of Japan, focuses on kami (spirits or deities) and is closely tied to nature and local traditions. Buddhism, introduced from China and Korea, emphasizes spiritual enlightenment and rituals for the deceased. Many locals participate in both traditions, visiting Shinto shrines for blessings and Buddhist temples for funerary rites.

2. Notable Buddhist Temples in Sendai

Sendai is home to several historically significant Buddhist temples, many of which are tied to the Date clan, the ruling family of the Sendai domain during the Edo period.

a. Zuihoden Mausoleum

  • Description: Zuihoden is the mausoleum of Date Masamune, the founder of Sendai. It is a stunning example of Momoyama-style architecture, with intricate woodwork and vibrant colors.
  • Location: Aoba Ward, Sendai.
  • Customary Practices: Visitors often light incense and offer prayers for the deceased.
  • Cost: Entry fee is around ¥550 for adults.
  • Etiquette: Be respectful of the solemn atmosphere. Photography is allowed in some areas but not inside the mausoleum.
  • Visitor Services: Multilingual information boards and pamphlets are available. Guided tours can be arranged.

b. Rinnoji Temple

  • Description: A serene temple known for its beautiful gardens and connection to the Date family. It is especially popular during the cherry blossom and autumn foliage seasons.
  • Location: Taihaku Ward, Sendai.
  • Customary Practices: Visitors can participate in zazen (seated meditation) sessions.
  • Cost: Entry to the temple grounds is free, but donations for meditation sessions are appreciated (around ¥500–¥1,000).
  • Etiquette: Dress modestly, and follow the instructions of the temple staff during meditation.
  • Visitor Services: Meditation sessions are sometimes offered in English. Check in advance.

c. Entsuin Temple

  • Description: Located in nearby Matsushima, this temple is famous for its moss gardens, rock gardens, and a mausoleum dedicated to Date Mitsumune, the grandson of Date Masamune.
  • Customary Practices: Visitors can participate in calligraphy or incense-making workshops.
  • Cost: Entry fee is around ¥300–¥400. Workshops may cost extra (¥1,000–¥2,000).
  • Etiquette: Be mindful of the peaceful environment and follow workshop instructions.
  • Visitor Services: English-speaking staff are sometimes available for workshops.

3. Notable Shinto Shrines in Sendai

Shrines in Sendai are places of worship, celebration, and community gatherings. They are also architectural marvels that reflect Japan’s spiritual connection to nature.

a. Osaki Hachiman Shrine

  • Description: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this shrine is dedicated to Hachiman, the Shinto god of war and protection. It was built by Date Masamune in 1607 and is a masterpiece of Momoyama architecture.
  • Location: Aoba Ward, Sendai.
  • Customary Practices: Visitors can purchase omamori (amulets) for protection, health, or success, and write wishes on ema (wooden plaques).
  • Cost: Entry is free, but omamori and ema typically cost ¥500–¥1,000.
  • Etiquette: Bow twice, clap twice, and bow once when praying. Avoid standing directly in front of the shrine’s entrance.
  • Visitor Services: English pamphlets are available. Seasonal festivals are held here (see below).

b. Sendai Toshogu Shrine

  • Description: Dedicated to Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate, this shrine is a smaller but historically significant site.
  • Location: Aoba Ward, Sendai.
  • Customary Practices: Similar to other Shinto shrines, visitors can pray, purchase charms, and participate in seasonal rituals.
  • Cost: Free entry; optional donations for charms or rituals.
  • Etiquette: Follow the standard Shinto prayer etiquette.
  • Visitor Services: Limited English signage, but the shrine is easy to navigate.

4. Customary Practices and Etiquette

When visiting temples and shrines in Sendai, it’s important to follow these general guidelines:

  • At Shrines:
    • Purify yourself at the temizuya (water basin) by rinsing your hands and mouth.
    • Follow the bow-clap-bow ritual when praying.
    • Avoid loud conversations and respect the sanctity of the space.
  • At Temples:
    • Remove your shoes before entering temple buildings.
    • Refrain from pointing your feet toward altars or statues of the Buddha.
    • Participate quietly in rituals or meditation sessions.

5. Major Religious Festivals in Sendai

Sendai hosts several vibrant festivals that blend religious and cultural traditions.

a. Sendai Tanabata Festival (August 6–8)

  • Description: One of Japan’s most famous Tanabata festivals, featuring elaborate paper decorations and parades.
  • Religious Aspect: Rooted in Shinto beliefs, the festival celebrates the meeting of two celestial deities.
  • Visitor Tips: Free to attend. Arrive early to enjoy the decorations and evening fireworks.

b. Donto-sai Festival (January 14)

  • Description: Held at Osaki Hachiman Shrine, this festival involves burning old charms and decorations to purify the past year and pray for good fortune.
  • Visitor Tips: Free to attend, but donations are appreciated if you participate in the burning ritual.

c. Aoba Festival (Mid-May)

  • Description: A celebration of Sendai’s history and culture, featuring mikoshi (portable shrines) parades and traditional dances.
  • Religious Aspect: The festival honors the guardian deities of Sendai.
  • Visitor Tips: Free to attend. Check schedules for specific events.

6. Services and Facilities for Visitors and Immigrants

For those interested in learning more or participating in religious practices, Sendai offers several resources:

  • Workshops and Classes: Many temples, such as Rinnoji and Entsuin, offer workshops on meditation, calligraphy, and incense-making. These are great opportunities to learn about Buddhist practices.
  • Multilingual Support: Major sites like Zuihoden and Osaki Hachiman Shrine provide English-language materials. Some temples also have English-speaking staff or guides.
  • Cultural Centers: The Sendai International Center often hosts events and lectures on Japanese culture, including religion and spirituality.
  • Volunteer Guides: Organizations like the Sendai Goodwill Guide Group offer free tours in English, which can include visits to temples and shrines.
  • Accessibility: Many major sites are wheelchair accessible, though some older temples may have steps or uneven terrain.

7. Practical Tips

  • Donations: While entry to most shrines and temples is free, small donations (¥100–¥500) are appreciated when participating in rituals or lighting incense.
  • Photography: Always check for signs indicating whether photography is allowed. It is often prohibited inside temple halls and shrine sanctuaries.
  • Seasonal Visits: Temples and shrines are particularly beautiful during cherry blossom season (late March to early April) and autumn (November).

By exploring Sendai’s temples, shrines, and festivals, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for the city’s spiritual heritage and its harmonious blend of Shinto and Buddhist traditions. Whether you’re a casual visitor or someone seeking a more immersive experience, Sendai offers a welcoming and enriching environment for spiritual exploration.