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Citizenship

Guidance on how to become a New Zealand citizen, including eligibility criteria and application processes.

Sections

1. Pathways to New Zealand Citizenship

There are three main ways to become a New Zealand citizen:

  1. By Birth: If you were born in New Zealand before 1 January 2006, you are automatically a citizen. If you were born on or after this date, at least one of your parents must have been a New Zealand citizen or permanent resident at the time of your birth.
  2. By Descent: If you were born overseas to a New Zealand citizen, you may be eligible for citizenship by descent.
  3. By Grant: This is the most common pathway for immigrants. It involves meeting specific residency, character, and other requirements.

2. Citizenship by Grant

This is the process for most immigrants who wish to become New Zealand citizens. Below are the key details:

Eligibility Requirements

To apply for citizenship by grant, you must meet the following criteria:

  1. Permanent Residency:

    • You must hold a New Zealand residence class visa (e.g., permanent resident visa or resident visa) and have lived in New Zealand for a sufficient period.

  2. Residency Requirements:

    • You must have been physically present in New Zealand for at least 1,350 days in the last 5 years before applying.
    • You must have spent at least 240 days in New Zealand in each of those 5 years.
    • Time spent in New Zealand must be lawful (i.e., on a valid visa).

  3. Good Character:

    • You must be of good character, which means you should not have a criminal record or have been involved in activities that could harm New Zealandโ€™s reputation.

  4. English Language Proficiency:

    • You must have a basic understanding of the English language. This is assessed during the application process.

  5. Intention to Stay:

    • You must intend to continue living in New Zealand or maintain a close and ongoing connection to the country.

  6. Understanding of Responsibilities and Privileges:

    • You must understand the responsibilities and privileges of New Zealand citizenship, such as voting rights and allegiance to New Zealand.

3. Application Process

The process for applying for citizenship by grant involves several steps:

Step 1: Gather Required Documents

You will need to provide the following:

  • Proof of Identity: A valid passport or birth certificate.
  • Proof of Residency: Evidence of your residence status and time spent in New Zealand (e.g., travel records, visas).
  • Character References: Two character references from people who are over 16 years old, are New Zealand citizens, and have known you for at least a year.
  • Other Supporting Documents: Marriage certificates, name change documents (if applicable), and any other documents requested.

Step 2: Submit Your Application

  • Applications can be submitted online or via a paper form.
  • You will need to complete the Application for New Zealand Citizenship โ€“ Adult (Form NZL 92).
  • Pay the application fee (see costs below).

Step 3: Attend an Interview (if required)

  • Some applicants may be asked to attend an interview to verify their identity, assess their English proficiency, and confirm their understanding of citizenship responsibilities.

Step 4: Wait for a Decision

  • The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) will assess your application. Processing times can vary but typically take 6 to 12 months.

Step 5: Attend a Citizenship Ceremony

  • If your application is approved, you will be invited to attend a citizenship ceremony. At the ceremony, you will take the Oath or Affirmation of Allegiance to New Zealand and receive your citizenship certificate.

4. Costs

The cost of applying for New Zealand citizenship varies depending on the type of application. As of 2023, the fees are:

  • Adult Application (18 years and older): NZD $470.20
  • Child Application (under 16 years): NZD $235.10
  • Citizenship by Descent: NZD $204.40

Fees are non-refundable, even if your application is declined.

5. Privileges and Responsibilities of New Zealand Citizenship

Once you become a New Zealand citizen, you gain the following privileges:

  • The right to live, work, and study in New Zealand indefinitely.
  • The ability to apply for a New Zealand passport.
  • The right to vote in elections.
  • Access to full social services and benefits.
  • The ability to represent New Zealand internationally (e.g., in sports or diplomacy).

As a citizen, you also take on responsibilities, such as:

  • Obeying New Zealand laws.
  • Serving on a jury if called upon.
  • Contributing to the community and upholding New Zealandโ€™s values.

6. Country-Specific Considerations

Here are some important points to consider when applying for New Zealand citizenship:

  1. Dual Citizenship:

    • New Zealand allows dual or multiple citizenships. However, you should check whether your home country permits dual citizenship, as some countries require you to renounce your original citizenship.

  2. Tax Implications:

    • Becoming a New Zealand citizen does not automatically change your tax obligations, but it may have implications depending on your global income and tax residency status.

  3. Travel Considerations:

    • Once you become a New Zealand citizen, you will need a New Zealand passport to travel internationally. You cannot use your previous passport to leave or re-enter New Zealand as a citizen.

  4. Cultural Integration:

    • New Zealand places a strong emphasis on cultural integration and respect for the indigenous Mฤori culture. As a citizen, you are encouraged to learn about and participate in New Zealandโ€™s cultural heritage.

7. Common Challenges and Tips

  • Residency Calculation: Ensure you meet the physical presence requirements before applying. Use the online residency calculator provided by the Department of Internal Affairs to confirm your eligibility.
  • Character Requirements: Be honest about your background. Minor offenses may not disqualify you, but failing to disclose them could.
  • Processing Times: Apply well in advance if you have specific plans (e.g., travel or voting), as processing can take up to a year.
  • Language Skills: If you are concerned about your English proficiency, consider taking language classes before applying.

8. Additional Resources

For more information, visit the official New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) website:

  • Citizenship Information: www.dia.govt.nz
  • Contact the Citizenship Office: Call 0800 22 51 51 (within New Zealand) or +64 4 462 0651 (from overseas).

By following this guide, you should have a clear understanding of the process and requirements for obtaining New Zealand citizenship. If you have any specific questions or need further assistance, feel free to ask!