Guide to Eligibility Criteria for Obtaining Citizenship in Portugal

1. Eligibility Criteria

A. By Descent (Jus Sanguinis)

• Children of Portuguese Citizens: Individuals born to at least one Portuguese parent are eligible for citizenship, regardless of their place of birth.
• Grandchildren of Portuguese Citizens: Individuals with a Portuguese grandparent can apply if they can prove their lineage and demonstrate a connection to Portugal.

B. By Birth (Jus Soli)

• Born in Portugal: Children born in Portugal to foreign parents can acquire citizenship if at least one parent has been a legal resident for at least two years.

C. By Marriage

• Spouses of Portuguese Citizens: Foreigners married to Portuguese citizens for at least three years can apply for citizenship, provided they can demonstrate a connection to the Portuguese community.

D. By Naturalization

• Legal Residents: Foreign nationals who have legally resided in Portugal for at least five years can apply for citizenship. This period is reduced to three years for those with a Portuguese spouse or for individuals of Portuguese descent.

2. General Requirements

• Language Proficiency: Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in the Portuguese language (A2 level).
• Criminal Record: A clean criminal record in Portugal and the applicant's country of origin is required.
• Integration: Evidence of integration into Portuguese society may be requested, including knowledge of Portuguese culture and history.

3. Standard Procedures

1. Gather Required Documents:

   • Valid passport or ID.
   • Birth certificate (translated into Portuguese).
   • Proof of residence in Portugal (for naturalization).
   • Marriage certificate (if applicable).
   • Criminal record certificate.
   • Language proficiency certificate.

2. Submit Application:

   • Applications can be submitted at the local Civil Registry Office (Conservatória do Registo Civil) or through the online portal of the Portuguese government.

3. Pay Fees:

   • Application fees vary based on the type of citizenship sought. Generally, fees range from €175 to €250.

4. Await Decision:

   • Processing times can vary but typically take 6 to 12 months.

5. Oath of Allegiance:

   • Upon approval, applicants must take an oath of allegiance to Portugal.

4. Costs

• Application Fees: Approximately €175 to €250, depending on the type of application.
• Translation and Notarization: Additional costs for document translation and notarization may apply.
• Legal Assistance: If hiring a lawyer, fees can range from €500 to €2,000 depending on the complexity of the case.

5. Country-Specific Considerations

• Dual Citizenship: Portugal allows dual citizenship, meaning applicants can retain their original nationality.
• Residency Requirements: Ensure compliance with residency requirements prior to applying for naturalization.
• Changes in Law: Stay updated on any changes in citizenship laws or procedures, as regulations may evolve.

6. Additional Resources

• Portuguese Government Portal: Portal do Cidadão
• Embassy or Consulate: Contact the nearest Portuguese embassy or consulate for specific guidance and assistance.

This guide provides a structured overview of the eligibility criteria and procedures for obtaining Portuguese citizenship. Ensure all documentation is accurate and complete to facilitate a smooth application process.