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Cycling and Active Mobility

Infrastructure and policies supporting cycling and other active mobility options, such as shared paths and bike-sharing schemes.

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Comprehensive Guide to Cycling and Active Mobility in Singapore

Cycling and active mobility (which includes walking, the use of personal mobility devices (PMDs), and other non-motorized transport) are integral to Singapore’s vision of a car-lite society. The government has invested heavily in infrastructure, regulations, and public education to promote these modes of transport as sustainable and efficient alternatives to cars. Below is a detailed guide to help you understand how cycling and active mobility are integrated into Singapore’s transportation system.

1. National Regulations for Cycling and Active Mobility

Singapore has a robust regulatory framework to ensure the safety and smooth integration of active mobility into its transport system. These regulations are governed by the Active Mobility Act (AMA), which applies to bicycles, PMDs, and personal mobility aids (PMAs).

Key Regulations:

  • Device Requirements:

    • Bicycles and PMDs must not exceed 20kg in weight, 70cm in width, and 25km/h in speed (for motorized devices).
    • PMDs must be UL2272-certified to ensure fire safety.
    • E-scooters and other PMDs are banned from footpaths but allowed on cycling paths and park connectors.

  • Riding Rules:

    • Cyclists and PMD users must keep to cycling paths, shared paths, or park connectors. Riding on expressways is strictly prohibited.
    • On roads, cyclists must ride in single file unless overtaking. Groups of cyclists are limited to two abreast on roads with two or more lanes.
    • Helmets are mandatory for cyclists riding on roads.
    • Devices must be equipped with lights when used at night.

  • Speed Limits:

    • 10km/h on footpaths.
    • 25km/h on shared paths and cycling paths.

  • Registration:

    • All e-scooters must be registered with the Land Transport Authority (LTA). Bicycles and non-motorized PMDs do not require registration.

  • Penalties:

    • Non-compliance with regulations can result in fines, confiscation of devices, or even imprisonment for severe offenses.

2. Infrastructure for Cycling and Active Mobility

Singapore has developed an extensive network of infrastructure to support active mobility. The government aims to expand the cycling path network to 1,300km by 2030.

Key Features of the Infrastructure:

  • Cycling Paths and Park Connectors:

    • Dedicated cycling paths are available in most towns, such as Tampines, Ang Mo Kio, and Punggol.
    • The Park Connector Network (PCN) links parks and green spaces across the island, providing scenic and safe routes for cyclists and pedestrians.

  • Shared Paths:

    • Shared paths are marked with clear signage and are designed for both pedestrians and cyclists.

  • Bicycle Parking:

    • Bicycle parking facilities are available at MRT stations, bus interchanges, and public housing estates. Some are equipped with secure racks and CCTV surveillance.

  • Cycling-Friendly Towns:

    • Towns like Ang Mo Kio and Tampines have been designated as cycling-friendly, with extensive cycling paths and infrastructure.

  • Integration with Public Transport:

    • Cyclists can bring foldable bicycles and PMDs onto MRT trains and buses during off-peak hours.
    • Bicycle parking is available at most MRT stations, making it easier to combine cycling with public transport.

3. Costs Associated with Cycling and Active Mobility

The costs of adopting cycling or active mobility in Singapore vary depending on the type of device and usage.

Bicycles:

  • Standard Bicycles:
    • Prices range from SGD 100 to SGD 500 for basic models.
  • Road and Mountain Bikes:
    • High-performance models can cost SGD 1,000 to SGD 10,000.
  • Folding Bicycles:
    • Popular for commuters, prices range from SGD 300 to SGD 2,000.

PMDs:

  • E-Scooters:
    • UL2272-certified models cost between SGD 500 and SGD 2,000.
  • Electric Bicycles (PABs):
    • Prices range from SGD 1,000 to SGD 3,000.

Maintenance Costs:

  • Bicycle servicing: SGD 50 to SGD 150 annually, depending on usage.
  • PMD servicing: SGD 100 to SGD 300 annually.

Fines and Penalties:

  • Non-compliance with regulations can result in fines ranging from SGD 100 to SGD 5,000, depending on the severity of the offense.

4. Standard Procedures for Cyclists and PMD Users

Getting Started:

  1. Purchase a Suitable Device:
    • Ensure it meets LTA’s requirements (e.g., weight, width, and certification for PMDs).
  2. Register Your Device (if applicable):
    • E-scooters must be registered with the LTA. Registration can be done online via the LTA website.
  3. Learn the Rules:
    • Familiarize yourself with the Active Mobility Code of Conduct and the AMA.

Using Public Transport:

  • Foldable bicycles and PMDs must be folded and not exceed 120cm x 70cm x 40cm.
  • They are allowed on MRT trains and buses during off-peak hours.

Parking:

  • Park only at designated bicycle racks or parking zones. Improper parking can result in fines or the removal of your device.

5. Safety Measures and Education

The Singapore government emphasizes safety through public education campaigns and enforcement.

Safety Tips:

  • Always wear a helmet when cycling on roads.
  • Use lights and reflectors at night.
  • Keep to the left on cycling paths and give way to pedestrians.
  • Use a bell to alert others when overtaking.

Public Education:

  • The Safe Riding Programme (SRP) is a free course offered by the LTA to educate cyclists and PMD users on safe riding practices.

Enforcement:

  • LTA officers and auxiliary police conduct regular patrols to ensure compliance with active mobility regulations.

6. Cultural Attitudes Towards Cycling and Active Mobility

Cycling and active mobility are increasingly embraced in Singapore, but cultural attitudes vary depending on the context.

Positive Trends:

  • Growing awareness of environmental sustainability has led to greater acceptance of cycling and PMDs.
  • Recreational cycling is popular, especially on weekends along the PCN and in parks.

Challenges:

  • Some tension exists between pedestrians and cyclists on shared paths due to differing speeds and expectations.
  • The tropical climate (hot and humid) can deter some from cycling as a daily mode of transport.

7. Future Developments

The Singapore government is committed to expanding and improving active mobility infrastructure:

  • Cycling Path Network Expansion:
    • By 2030, every HDB town will have a comprehensive cycling path network.
  • Car-Lite Initiatives:
    • More car-free zones and cycling-friendly streets are being introduced in areas like the Central Business District (CBD) and Marina Bay.

8. Conclusion

Cycling and active mobility are well-integrated into Singapore’s transportation system, supported by extensive infrastructure, clear regulations, and a growing cultural acceptance. Whether you are a resident or a visitor, adopting active mobility is a convenient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective way to navigate the city. By adhering to the rules and taking advantage of the available infrastructure, you can enjoy a safe and seamless experience.