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Work Permits

Requirements and processes for obtaining permission to work in the UK, including skilled worker visas and sponsorships.

Sections

1. Overview of Work Permits in the UK

In the UK, work permits are issued under the broader framework of the Points-Based Immigration System. The system is designed to attract skilled workers to fill gaps in the UK labor market. Work permits are typically issued as part of a visa application, and the most common route for employment is the Skilled Worker visa. Other work-related visas include the Global Talent visa, Health and Care Worker visa, and Temporary Worker visas.

2. Key Regulations for Work Permits

The UK government has strict regulations governing work permits to ensure compliance with immigration laws and to prioritize skilled workers. Below are the key points:

Eligibility Criteria

  • Job Offer: Applicants must have a confirmed job offer from a UK-based employer who is a licensed sponsor.
  • Skill Level: The job must meet the required skill level (RQF Level 3 or above, equivalent to A-levels in the UK).
  • Salary Threshold: The job must meet the minimum salary threshold, which is generally £26,200 per year or £10.75 per hour. Exceptions apply for shortage occupations, new entrants, and certain healthcare roles.
  • English Language Proficiency: Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in English, typically through an approved test or academic qualifications taught in English.

Employer Sponsorship

  • Employers must hold a valid Sponsor Licence to hire workers from outside the UK. They are responsible for issuing a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) to the applicant.

Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS)

  • Most work visa applicants must pay the Immigration Health Surcharge, which grants access to the UK’s National Health Service (NHS). The cost is £624 per year of the visa.

Right to Work

  • Work permits are tied to the specific job and employer. Changing jobs or employers usually requires a new visa application.

3. Types of Work Visas

Here are the most common work-related visas in the UK:

a. Skilled Worker Visa

  • For individuals with a job offer in an eligible skilled occupation.
  • Valid for up to 5 years, with the possibility of extension or settlement (Indefinite Leave to Remain).
  • Includes roles in healthcare, IT, engineering, and education.

b. Health and Care Worker Visa

  • A subcategory of the Skilled Worker visa for healthcare professionals.
  • Lower salary threshold (£20,960 per year or £10.10 per hour).
  • Exempt from the Immigration Health Surcharge.

c. Global Talent Visa

  • For highly skilled individuals in fields such as science, technology, engineering, arts, and academia.
  • Does not require a job offer but requires endorsement from a recognized UK body.

d. Temporary Worker Visas

  • Includes categories like the Seasonal Worker visa (for agricultural work) and the Charity Worker visa.
  • Typically valid for up to 12 months and not extendable.

e. Graduate Visa

  • For international students who have completed a degree in the UK.
  • Allows work at any skill level for 2 years (3 years for PhD graduates).

4. Standard Procedures for Applying for a Work Permit

The process for obtaining a work permit involves several steps:

Step 1: Secure a Job Offer

  • Applicants must first secure a job offer from a UK employer who is a licensed sponsor.

Step 2: Employer Issues Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS)

  • The employer provides a unique CoS reference number, which is required for the visa application.

Step 3: Prepare Supporting Documents

Applicants must gather the following:

  • Valid passport or travel document.
  • Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) reference number.
  • Proof of English language proficiency.
  • Evidence of personal savings (if required) to support yourself in the UK.
  • Tuberculosis (TB) test results (if applicable, based on your country of residence).
  • Criminal record certificate (for certain roles).

Step 4: Submit Online Application

  • Applications are submitted online via the UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) website.
  • Applicants must pay the visa fee and Immigration Health Surcharge (if applicable).

Step 5: Attend a Biometric Appointment

  • Applicants must provide fingerprints and a photograph at a visa application center or use the UKVI app for identity verification.

Step 6: Wait for a Decision

  • Standard processing time is 3 weeks for applications made outside the UK and 8 weeks for applications made within the UK.

5. Costs Associated with Work Permits

The costs for work permits vary depending on the visa type, duration, and applicant’s circumstances. Below is a breakdown:

Visa Application Fees

  • Skilled Worker visa: £610 to £1,408 (depending on the job and visa duration).
  • Health and Care Worker visa: £247 to £479.
  • Global Talent visa: £623.
  • Temporary Worker visas: £259.

Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS)

  • £624 per year (exempt for Health and Care Worker visa holders).

Other Costs

  • English Language Test: £150 to £200 (if required).
  • Tuberculosis Test: £65 to £110 (if required).
  • Criminal Record Certificate: Varies by country.

6. Country-Specific Considerations

Applicants from certain countries should be aware of the following:

a. Shortage Occupation List

  • Jobs on the Shortage Occupation List have lower salary thresholds and reduced visa fees. These include roles in healthcare, IT, and engineering.
  • Check the latest list on the UK government website.

b. Tuberculosis (TB) Testing

  • Applicants from specific countries must undergo TB testing as part of the visa application. A list of countries requiring TB tests is available on the UKVI website.

c. EU, EEA, and Swiss Nationals

  • Following Brexit, EU, EEA, and Swiss nationals (except those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme) must apply for work visas like other non-UK nationals.

d. Commonwealth Citizens

  • Commonwealth citizens with a UK-born grandparent may qualify for the UK Ancestry visa, which allows work without sponsorship.

7. Additional Tips for Applicants

  • Plan Ahead: Start the application process early to account for potential delays.
  • Check Sponsor Licence: Ensure your employer is on the list of licensed sponsors.
  • Stay Updated: Immigration rules and fees are subject to change, so regularly check the UKVI website.
  • Seek Professional Advice: For complex cases, consider consulting an immigration lawyer or advisor.

8. Useful Resources

This guide provides a detailed overview of work permits in the UK. If you have further questions or need clarification on specific aspects, feel free to ask!