Cardiff

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Employment Rights

Essential information about worker rights, wages, and labor laws in Cardiff and the UK.

Sections

1. Minimum Wage

The UK has a statutory minimum wage that applies to all workers, including those in Cardiff. The rates are updated annually in April. As of October 2023, the rates are:

  • National Living Wage (23 years and over): £10.42 per hour
  • 21–22 years: £10.18 per hour
  • 18–20 years: £7.49 per hour
  • Under 18 years: £5.28 per hour
  • Apprentices (under 19 or in the first year of apprenticeship): £5.28 per hour

Key Considerations:

  • Employers in Cardiff must comply with these rates. If you suspect you are being underpaid, you can report this to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
  • Cardiff has a diverse workforce, and some employers may offer higher wages depending on the industry (e.g., tech, healthcare, or hospitality).

Local Resource:

  • Citizens Advice Cardiff and Vale: They can help you understand your rights if you believe you are being underpaid.
    Website: www.citizensadvice.org.uk
    Phone: 03444 77 20 20

2. Working Hours

The UK has laws governing working hours under the Working Time Regulations 1998. These apply to workers in Cardiff as well.

  • Maximum Weekly Hours: You cannot work more than 48 hours per week on average (calculated over 17 weeks). You can opt out of this limit if you choose.
  • Rest Breaks: You are entitled to:
    • A 20-minute break if you work more than 6 hours a day.
    • 11 hours of rest between working days.
    • At least one day off per week.
  • Night Work: If you work at night, your hours should not exceed 8 hours in a 24-hour period on average.

Key Considerations:

  • Cardiff has a growing gig economy (e.g., delivery drivers, freelancers), where working hours may vary. Ensure your employer complies with the law, even in flexible roles.

Local Resource:

  • ACAS (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service): Provides free advice on working hours and other employment rights.
    Website: www.acas.org.uk
    Helpline: 0300 123 1100

3. Holiday Entitlements

Under UK law, workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks of paid holiday per year (28 days for full-time workers). This includes public holidays, but employers are not legally required to give these days off.

  • Part-Time Workers: Entitlement is pro-rata based on the number of days worked.
  • Unused Holiday: You may be able to carry over unused holiday to the next year, depending on your contract.

Key Considerations:

  • Cardiff celebrates public holidays such as St. David’s Day (March 1st), which is culturally significant in Wales, though it is not a statutory holiday.
  • Some Cardiff employers may offer additional leave as part of their benefits package.

Local Resource:

  • Cardiff Law Centre: Offers free legal advice on employment issues, including holiday entitlements.
    Website: www.cardifflaw.org.uk
    Phone: 029 2040 2040

4. Sick Pay

If you are unable to work due to illness, you may be entitled to Statutory Sick Pay (SSP).

  • Eligibility: You must earn at least £123 per week and have been off work for at least 4 consecutive days.
  • Rate: £109.40 per week (as of October 2023), paid by your employer for up to 28 weeks.
  • Company Sick Pay: Some employers in Cardiff may offer enhanced sick pay schemes, so check your employment contract.

Key Considerations:

  • Cardiff has a strong public healthcare system (NHS Wales), and you can access free GP services for medical certificates if required.
  • If your employer refuses to pay SSP, you can contact HMRC for assistance.

Local Resource:

5. Discrimination Laws

The Equality Act 2010 protects workers in Cardiff from discrimination based on the following protected characteristics:

  • Age
  • Disability
  • Gender reassignment
  • Marriage and civil partnership
  • Pregnancy and maternity
  • Race
  • Religion or belief
  • Sex
  • Sexual orientation

Key Considerations:

  • Discrimination can occur during recruitment, employment, or dismissal. Cardiff employers are legally required to provide equal opportunities.
  • Cardiff is a multicultural city with a diverse workforce. Employers are encouraged to foster inclusive workplaces.

Local Resource:

  • Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC): Provides guidance and support for discrimination issues.
    Website: www.equalityhumanrights.com
    Helpline: 0808 800 0082

6. Local Considerations in Cardiff

Cardiff is the capital of Wales and has a unique cultural and legal context within the UK. Here are some additional considerations:

  • Welsh Language Rights: Under the Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011, employees in Cardiff have the right to use the Welsh language in certain workplaces. Some employers may also provide bilingual contracts and policies.
  • Trade Unions: Cardiff has a strong trade union presence, particularly in public sector jobs. Joining a union can provide additional support for employment disputes.

7. Procedures for Addressing Employment Issues

If you face an employment issue in Cardiff, follow these steps:

  1. Raise the Issue Informally: Speak to your employer or HR department.
  2. Submit a Formal Grievance: If the issue is unresolved, submit a written grievance.
  3. Seek Mediation: ACAS offers free mediation services to resolve disputes.
  4. File a Claim with an Employment Tribunal: If all else fails, you can file a claim. You must do this within 3 months of the incident.

Costs:

  • Filing a claim with an Employment Tribunal is free, but you may incur legal fees if you hire a solicitor.

Local Resource:

  • Employment Tribunal Cardiff Office:
    Address: Cardiff Magistrates’ Court, Fitzalan Place, Cardiff, CF24 0RZ
    Phone: 0300 123 1024

8. Additional Local Resources

  • Welsh Government Employment Support: Offers advice and funding for workers and employers in Wales.
    Website: www.gov.wales

  • Cardiff People First: Supports individuals with disabilities in employment.
    Website: www.cardiffpeoplefirst.org.uk

Final Notes

Cardiff is a vibrant city with a strong legal framework to protect workers’ rights. If you encounter any issues, there are numerous local and national resources available to assist you. Always ensure you understand your employment contract and seek advice if you are unsure about your rights.