Houston

1. Types of Severe Weather Common to Houston

Houston experiences a range of severe weather events, including:

• Hurricanes and Tropical Storms: Houston is highly vulnerable to hurricanes and tropical storms, especially during hurricane season (June 1 to November 30). These storms can bring heavy rainfall, strong winds, and storm surges, leading to flooding.
• Flooding: Houston is prone to flash flooding and river flooding due to its flat terrain and extensive bayou system. Heavy rainfall, even outside of hurricanes, can overwhelm drainage systems.
• Tornadoes: Tornadoes, while less frequent than in other parts of Texas, can occur, especially during spring and summer storms.
• Severe Thunderstorms: These storms can bring hail, lightning, and damaging winds.
• Extreme Heat: Houston experiences high temperatures and humidity during the summer, which can lead to heat-related illnesses.
• Winter Storms: While rare, Houston occasionally experiences freezing rain, ice storms, or snow, as seen during the February 2021 winter storm.

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2. Necessary Safety Procedures

Each type of severe weather requires specific safety measures:

Hurricanes and Tropical Storms

• Evacuation: Know your evacuation zone and routes. If local authorities issue an evacuation order, follow it immediately.
• Sheltering in Place: If staying home, secure windows with storm shutters or plywood, and bring outdoor furniture indoors.
• Emergency Kit: Prepare a kit with non-perishable food, water (1 gallon per person per day for at least 3 days), flashlights, batteries, a first-aid kit, medications, and important documents.

Flooding

• Avoid Driving: Never drive through flooded roads. Just 6 inches of water can cause a vehicle to lose control, and 12 inches can carry it away.
• Elevate Belongings: If flooding is expected, move valuables and electronics to higher levels in your home.
• Stay Informed: Monitor local weather alerts and flood warnings.

Tornadoes

• Seek Shelter: Go to a small, windowless interior room on the lowest floor of your home, such as a bathroom or closet.
• Cover Yourself: Use a mattress, heavy blankets, or helmets to protect yourself from debris.

Severe Thunderstorms

• Stay Indoors: Avoid using electrical appliances and stay away from windows during lightning storms.
• Secure Outdoor Items: High winds can turn outdoor furniture into projectiles.

Extreme Heat

• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water and avoid outdoor activities during peak heat hours (typically 12 PM to 4 PM).
• Use Air Conditioning: Spend time in air-conditioned spaces. Public cooling centers are available during heatwaves.

Winter Storms

• Insulate Pipes: Wrap exposed pipes to prevent freezing and bursting.
• Stay Warm Safely: Use space heaters cautiously and never use outdoor grills or generators indoors due to carbon monoxide risks.

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3. Preparedness Measures

To stay prepared for severe weather in Houston, follow these steps:

• Create a Family Emergency Plan: Discuss evacuation routes, communication methods, and meeting points with your family.
• Sign Up for Alerts: Register for local emergency alerts through the City of Houston’s AlertHouston system.
• Stock Emergency Supplies: Keep a 72-hour supply of food, water, and other essentials.
• Purchase Insurance: Flood insurance is highly recommended, as standard homeowners’ insurance does not cover flood damage. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is a good option.
• Backup Power: Consider investing in a generator or portable power bank for extended power outages.

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4. Costs Associated with Readiness

The costs of severe weather preparedness can vary depending on your specific needs:

• Emergency Kit: $50–$200, depending on the size of your household.
• Flood Insurance: $500–$1,000 annually, depending on your location and risk level.
• Storm Shutters or Plywood: $100–$500 for materials.
• Generator: $500–$2,000 for a portable generator; whole-house generators can cost $5,000–$10,000.
• Pipe Insulation: $10–$50 for basic materials.

While these costs may seem high, they are a worthwhile investment to protect your family and property.

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5. Available Local Resources

Houston offers numerous resources to help residents prepare for and respond to severe weather:

• City of Houston Office of Emergency Management (OEM): Provides updates, resources, and emergency alerts. Website: houstonoem.org
• Harris County Flood Control District: Offers real-time flood monitoring and preparedness tips. Website: hcfcd.org
• Ready Harris: A comprehensive resource for emergency preparedness in Harris County. Website: readyharris.org
• American Red Cross, Texas Gulf Coast Region: Provides disaster relief and preparedness training. Website: redcross.org
• 211 Texas/United Way Helpline: Offers information on local shelters, cooling centers, and other resources. Dial 211 for assistance.

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6. Cultural and Regional Considerations

• Community Spirit: Houston is known for its strong sense of community, especially during disasters. Neighbors often come together to help each other, so don’t hesitate to reach out for assistance or offer help.
• Hurricane Parties: Some locals host “hurricane parties” before a storm hits. While this is a cultural tradition, it’s important to prioritize safety and ensure you are fully prepared before participating.
• Diverse Population: Houston’s multicultural population means that emergency information is often available in multiple languages. Check local resources for translations if needed.
• Bayou System: Houston’s extensive bayou network is both a natural feature and a flood risk. Be aware of your proximity to bayous and their flood potential.

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7. Final Tips for Newcomers

• Understand Local Geography: Learn whether your home is in a floodplain or evacuation zone.
• Practice Drills: Familiarize yourself with evacuation routes and emergency procedures.
• Stay Connected: Follow local news stations like KHOU 11, KPRC 2, or ABC13 for real-time updates.
• Be Proactive: Severe weather can escalate quickly in Houston, so early preparation is key.

By staying informed and prepared, you can navigate Houston’s severe weather challenges with confidence and peace of mind.