San Francisco

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Disaster Preparedness

Guidelines and resources for preparing for natural disasters such as earthquakes and wildfires.

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Comprehensive Guide to Disaster Preparedness in San Francisco, United States

San Francisco is a vibrant city, but it is also located in a region prone to natural disasters, particularly earthquakes and, to a lesser extent, wildfires. Preparing for these risks is essential for residents and visitors alike. Below is a detailed guide to help you stay safe and prepared.

1. Specific Risks in San Francisco

Earthquakes

  • Risk Level: High. San Francisco is located near the San Andreas Fault and the Hayward Fault, making it highly susceptible to earthquakes.
  • Historical Context: The 1906 earthquake and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused significant damage and loss of life.
  • Key Concerns: Ground shaking, liquefaction (especially in areas built on landfill like the Marina District), and aftershocks.

Wildfires

  • Risk Level: Moderate. While San Francisco itself is less prone to wildfires due to its urban environment, nearby areas (e.g., Marin County, Sonoma County) are at risk. Smoke from regional wildfires can severely impact air quality in the city.
  • Key Concerns: Air quality, evacuation routes, and fire hazards in urban parks like the Presidio.

2. Local Emergency Procedures

Earthquake Protocols

  • During an Earthquake:
    • Drop, Cover, and Hold On: Drop to the ground, take cover under sturdy furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops.
    • Stay indoors if you are inside; avoid doorways unless they are strongly supported.
    • If outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
  • After an Earthquake:
    • Check for injuries and hazards (e.g., gas leaks, fires).
    • Be prepared for aftershocks.
    • Use text messages or social media to communicate, as phone lines may be overwhelmed.

Wildfire Protocols

  • Air Quality: Monitor air quality using apps like AirNow or PurpleAir. Stay indoors with windows closed during poor air quality days.
  • Evacuation: Follow evacuation orders promptly. Know your evacuation routes in advance.
  • Fire Safety: Avoid outdoor activities that could spark fires, such as using grills or smoking in dry areas.

3. Recommended Disaster Kits

A well-prepared disaster kit is essential for surviving the first 72 hours after a disaster. Hereโ€™s what you should include:

Basic Supplies

  • Water: 1 gallon per person per day for at least 3 days.
  • Food: Non-perishable items (e.g., canned goods, protein bars) for at least 3 days.
  • First Aid Kit: Include bandages, antiseptics, pain relievers, and any prescription medications.
  • Flashlight and Batteries: Or a hand-crank flashlight.
  • Radio: Battery-powered or hand-crank NOAA weather radio.
  • Multi-tool: For basic repairs and utility needs.
  • Cash: Small bills and coins, as ATMs may not work.
  • Clothing and Blankets: Warm layers and sturdy shoes.
  • Personal Hygiene Items: Soap, hand sanitizer, toothbrush, and feminine hygiene products.
  • Important Documents: Copies of IDs, insurance policies, and emergency contacts in a waterproof bag.

Additional Items for San Francisco

  • Dust Masks: To protect against poor air quality during wildfires.
  • Maps: Paper maps of the city and surrounding areas.
  • Portable Phone Charger: Solar-powered or battery-operated.
  • Fire Extinguisher: Small, portable extinguisher for home use.

Estimated Costs

  • A basic disaster kit for one person can cost between $100-$200. Pre-assembled kits are available online or at local stores like REI or Target.

4. Emergency Shelters

In the event of a disaster, the city will set up emergency shelters. These are typically located in schools, community centers, and other public buildings.

  • How to Find Shelters:

    • Use the SF72.org website or app (San Franciscoโ€™s official emergency preparedness platform).
    • Listen to local radio stations (e.g., KCBS 740 AM) for announcements.
    • Follow the San Francisco Department of Emergency Management (SFDEM) on social media.

  • What to Bring to a Shelter:

    • Your disaster kit, including medications and important documents.
    • Comfort items like blankets or small toys for children.

5. Communication Strategies

Before a Disaster

  • Create a Family Emergency Plan: Decide on meeting points, emergency contacts, and evacuation routes.
  • Sign Up for Alerts:
    • AlertSF: San Franciscoโ€™s official emergency alert system. Sign up at alertsf.org to receive text or email notifications.
    • Nixle: Provides localized alerts for nearby emergencies.

During a Disaster

  • Text Instead of Call: Text messages are more likely to go through when networks are congested.
  • Social Media: Use platforms like Twitter to get real-time updates from local agencies (e.g., @SF_emergency).

After a Disaster

  • Reunification: Use the American Red Cross Safe and Well website to let loved ones know you are safe.
  • Emergency Hotlines: Call 311 for non-emergency city services or 911 for life-threatening emergencies.

6. Local and Government Organizations

San Francisco Department of Emergency Management (SFDEM)

  • Website: sfdem.org
  • Provides resources, training, and real-time updates during emergencies.

SF72

  • Website: sf72.org
  • A comprehensive resource for disaster preparedness, including guides, shelter locations, and emergency alerts.

American Red Cross Bay Area Chapter

California Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES)

  • Website: caloes.ca.gov
  • State-level emergency management agency providing updates and resources.

7. Apps and Services for Disaster Readiness

  • MyShake: An earthquake early warning app developed by UC Berkeley. Provides alerts seconds before shaking starts.
  • AirNow: Tracks air quality in real-time, especially useful during wildfire season.
  • FEMA App: Offers disaster tips, alerts, and shelter locations.
  • SF72 App: San Francisco-specific emergency preparedness and alert system.
  • PulsePoint: Provides real-time information on emergencies like fires and medical incidents.

8. Additional Tips

  • Practice Drills: Participate in earthquake drills like the annual Great California ShakeOut.
  • Know Your Neighborhood: Identify the nearest fire station, hospital, and evacuation routes.
  • Stay Informed: Follow local news outlets like KQED or SF Chronicle for updates.

By following this guide, you can ensure that you are well-prepared to handle disasters in San Francisco. Stay safe!