1. Legal Framework

Vietnam's stance on dual citizenship is primarily governed by the Law on Nationality (2014). According to this law:

• Vietnamese citizens are not allowed to hold dual citizenship unless they meet specific criteria.
• The law permits dual citizenship for individuals who acquire foreign citizenship by birth or through marriage to a foreign national, provided they retain their Vietnamese citizenship.

2. Eligibility for Dual Citizenship

You may be eligible for dual citizenship in Vietnam under the following conditions:

• By Birth: If you were born to a Vietnamese parent and acquire another nationality, you can retain your Vietnamese citizenship.
• By Marriage: Foreigners who marry Vietnamese citizens may apply for Vietnamese citizenship, which can lead to dual citizenship.
• Special Cases: The government may grant dual citizenship in special cases, such as for individuals who have made significant contributions to Vietnam.

3. Application Process for Dual Citizenship

If you believe you qualify for dual citizenship, here are the general steps to follow:

1. Prepare Documentation: Gather necessary documents, including:

   • Birth certificate
   • Marriage certificate (if applicable)
   • Proof of foreign citizenship
   • Vietnamese citizenship documents (if applicable)
   • Any other relevant documents as required by the authorities.

2. Submit Application: Submit your application to the Department of Justice in the province or city where you reside in Vietnam. The application should include:

   • A completed application form for dual citizenship.
   • Supporting documents as listed above.

3. Review Process: The Department of Justice will review your application. This process may take several months, depending on the complexity of your case.

4. Decision: You will receive a decision regarding your application. If approved, you will be issued a certificate of dual citizenship.

4. Costs Involved

The costs associated with applying for dual citizenship can vary, but generally include:

• Application Fees: Fees for processing your application can range from 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 VND (approximately $40 to $120 USD), depending on the province and specific circumstances.
• Document Translation and Notarization: If your documents are not in Vietnamese, you may incur additional costs for translation and notarization.
• Legal Assistance: If you choose to hire a lawyer or consultant to assist with the process, fees can vary widely based on their services.

5. Country-Specific Considerations

• Home Country Laws: Before applying for dual citizenship in Vietnam, check the laws of your home country regarding dual citizenship. Some countries do not allow dual citizenship or may require you to renounce your original citizenship.
• Vietnamese Laws: Be aware that if you acquire a foreign nationality without the approval of the Vietnamese government, you may lose your Vietnamese citizenship.
• Residency Requirements: Ensure you meet any residency requirements in Vietnam, as this may affect your eligibility for dual citizenship.

6. Important Notes

• Legal Advice: It is advisable to seek legal advice or consult with the Vietnamese embassy or consulate in your home country for personalized guidance.
• Changes in Law: Keep abreast of any changes in Vietnamese nationality laws, as these can affect your application and status.

Conclusion

Dual citizenship in Vietnam is possible under specific circumstances, primarily for those who acquire foreign citizenship by birth or marriage. The process involves careful documentation and adherence to legal requirements. Always consult with legal experts or relevant authorities to ensure compliance with both Vietnamese and your home country's laws regarding dual citizenship.